$273B alt data forecast
FutureMulti
Alt-data market $273B by 2032
Source: LuxAlgo
ART TREES jurisdictional
Carbon VoluntaryMulti
ART TREES jurisdictional REDD+ credits
Source: encyclopedia
Afforestation reforestation ARR
Carbon VoluntaryMulti
Tree-planting ARR credits
Source: encyclopedia
Australia BioBanking
Biodiversity CreditsMulti
Australia BioBanking
Source: encyclopedia
Australia Murray-Darling water trading
Water MarketsMulti
Australian water entitlements market $4-5B/yr
Source: encyclopedia
BNP Paribas Sustainable RA
FundsMulti
BNP Paribas Sustainable Resource Allocation
Source: encyclopedia
Barbados blue bond
Debt for NatureMulti
Barbados blue bond
Source: encyclopedia
Belize Blue Bond TNC 2021
Debt for NatureMulti
TNC Belize blue-bond debt-for-nature
Source: encyclopedia
Bill Gates Breakthrough Energy
Climate TechMulti
Breakthrough Energy Ventures
Source: encyclopedia
Biochar credits
Carbon VoluntaryLong
Biochar permanent CDR
Source: encyclopedia
Biocredits hybrid debt-for-nature
Biodiversity CreditsMulti
BC + debt-for-nature swaps integration
Source: IISD
Bioregional credits Wallacea Trust
Biodiversity CreditsMulti
Wallacea Trust + others bioregional methodology
Source: encyclopedia
CME water futures NQH2O
Water MarketsMulti
CME NQH2O Nasdaq Veles California water index
Source: encyclopedia
California Cap-and-Trade CCA
Carbon ComplianceMulti
California compliance market CCA allowances
Source: encyclopedia
California GSP groundwater pumping
Water MarketsMulti
Groundwater Sustainability Plans CA
Source: encyclopedia
Carbon double-counting issue
LessonsMulti
Article 6 Paris double-counting risk
Source: encyclopedia
Carbon-credit-stacking timberland
Land UseLong
Timberland yields + carbon credits stacked
Source: encyclopedia
Chile water rights system
Water MarketsMulti
Chilean water rights tradable since 1981
Source: encyclopedia
Climate Asset Management HSBC Pollination
FundsMulti
HSBC + Pollination Climate Asset Mgmt joint venture
Source: encyclopedia
Climate adaptation finance
Resilience FinanceMulti
Adaptation finance for vulnerable regions
Source: encyclopedia
Climate-tech VC funding
Climate TechMulti
Breakthrough Energy Lowercarbon EQT etc
Source: encyclopedia
Common registry interoperability
FutureMulti
Cross-credit common registries
Source: Bruegel
Compliance > voluntary scale
LessonsMulti
Compliance markets dwarf voluntary in scale
Source: WEF
Conservation easements
Land UseLong
Tax-advantaged conservation easements
Source: encyclopedia
Cookstove credits social
Carbon VoluntaryMulti
Improved cookstoves credits (developing countries)
Source: encyclopedia
Coral reef parametric insurance
InsuranceMulti
Quintana Roo Mexico parametric reef insurance
Source: encyclopedia
Costa Rica national PES
PESMulti
Costa Rica successful national PES
Source: encyclopedia
DEBUNKED Verra REDD+ over-credit 2023
LessonsMulti
Verra REDD+ over-issued credits Guardian 2023
Source: Cambridge
DEBUNKED additional+permanent biodiv
LessonsMulti
BC must be additional + permanent or fails
Source: Bruegel
Debt-for-nature swap classic
Debt for NatureMulti
Sov debt swap for nature spending commitment
Source: IISD
Direct Air Capture DAC
Carbon VoluntaryLong
DAC credits Stripe Frontier offtakes
Source: encyclopedia
EPR Extended Producer Responsibility
Plastic CreditsMulti
EPR producer-responsibility schemes for plastic
Source: encyclopedia
EQT Future fund
Climate TechMulti
EQT Future climate fund
Source: encyclopedia
EU CSRD ESRS E4 biodiversity
FrameworksMulti
EU CSRD ESRS E4 biodiversity disclosure
Source: encyclopedia
EU ETS allowances EUA
Carbon ComplianceMulti
Trade EUA emission allowances directly
Source: encyclopedia
EU Nature Restoration Law
FrameworksMulti
EU NRL ecosystem-restoration targets
Source: encyclopedia
Ecological MRV remote sensing
Biodiversity CreditsMulti
Remote-sensing + bioacoustics + eDNA MRV
Source: Bruegel
Ecuador Galápagos blue bond
Debt for NatureMulti
Ecuador Galápagos blue bond 2023
Source: encyclopedia
Energy Impact Partners
Climate TechMulti
Energy Impact Partners utility-backed
Source: encyclopedia
Engineered carbon removal
Carbon VoluntaryLong
DAC + biochar engineered removal premium prices
Source: encyclopedia
Enhanced rock weathering ERW
Carbon VoluntaryLong
Enhanced weathering for permanent CDR
Source: encyclopedia
Farmland investment LAND ETF
Land UseLong
Gladstone Land farmland REIT
Source: encyclopedia
Forest Resilience Bond
Resilience FinanceMulti
FRB to fund forest restoration
Source: encyclopedia
Forest fire parametric
InsuranceMulti
Forest-fire parametric insurance
Source: encyclopedia
GBF Global Biodiversity Framework 30x30
FrameworksMulti
Kunming-Montreal GBF 30x30 by 2030
Source: encyclopedia
GCF Green Climate Fund
Resilience FinanceMulti
UN Green Climate Fund
Source: encyclopedia
GEF Global Environment Facility
Resilience FinanceMulti
GEF biodiversity + climate funding
Source: encyclopedia
Gabon DFN swap
Debt for NatureMulti
Gabon debt-for-nature swap
Source: encyclopedia
Generation IM sustainable
FundsMulti
Generation Investment Mgmt Al Gore
Source: encyclopedia
Global compliance >$1T market
Carbon ComplianceMulti
Global compliance market $1T+ vs voluntary <$1B
Source: WEF
Gold Standard credits
Carbon VoluntaryMulti
Gold Standard high-integrity credits
Source: encyclopedia
Greenwashing risk Net-Zero claims
LessonsMulti
Net-zero claims using low-quality offsets
Source: Cambridge
Habitat-area credits
Biodiversity CreditsMulti
Habitat-restoration acreage credits
Source: encyclopedia
Hybrid carbon-biodiversity-water credits
FutureMulti
Hybrid stacked nature credits
Source: WEF
ICVCM Core Carbon Principles
Carbon VoluntaryMulti
ICVCM CCP for high-quality VCM
Source: encyclopedia
Improved forest management IFM
Carbon VoluntaryMulti
IFM credits for managed-forest gain
Source: encyclopedia
Indigenous communities benefits
LessonsMulti
Indigenous-community benefit-sharing critical
Source: WEF
Indigo Ag carbon program
Soil CreditsMulti
Indigo Ag soil carbon program
Source: encyclopedia
Just transition framework
LessonsMulti
Just transition for fossil-fuel-region workers
Source: encyclopedia
Land Trust Alliance protected lands
Land UseMulti
Land trusts protect millions of acres
Source: encyclopedia
Lombard Odier nature fund
FundsMulti
Lombard Odier nature-tech fund
Source: encyclopedia
Lowercarbon Capital
Climate TechMulti
Lowercarbon Capital climate VC
Source: encyclopedia
Mangrove insurance
InsuranceMulti
Mangrove parametric insurance pilot
Source: encyclopedia
Methane reduction credits
Carbon VoluntaryMulti
Methane abatement credits (oil & gas)
Source: encyclopedia
Mexico hydrological PES
PESMulti
Mexico hydrological-services PES
Source: encyclopedia
Mirova Land Degradation
FundsMulti
Mirova LDN land-degradation neutrality fund
Source: encyclopedia
Mitigation hierarchy framework
Biodiversity CreditsMulti
Avoid > minimize > restore > offset
Source: Cambridge
Nature-positive certification
Biodiversity CreditsMulti
Nature-positive standards
Source: encyclopedia
Nori soil carbon registry
Soil CreditsMulti
Nori soil-carbon credit registry
Source: encyclopedia
Outcome-based metric
Biodiversity CreditsMulti
Outcome-based vs practice-based credits
Source: Bruegel
Payment for Ecosystem Services
PESMulti
PES classic ecosystem-service payment
Source: ScienceDirect
Plan Vivo community-based
Carbon VoluntaryMulti
Plan Vivo small-holder + community-based credits
Source: encyclopedia
Plastic Bank credits
Plastic CreditsMulti
Plastic Bank social plastic credits
Source: encyclopedia
Plastic credits voluntary
Plastic CreditsMulti
Plastic credits for collected/recycled plastic
Source: WEF
Public-private cooperation crucial
FutureMulti
Public-private essential for nature finance scale
Source: WEF
REDD+ forest avoided deforestation
Carbon VoluntaryMulti
REDD+ avoided-deforestation credits (controversy)
Source: Cambridge
REDD+ scrutiny issues 2023
Carbon VoluntaryMulti
2023 Verra REDD+ over-credit scandal
Source: Cambridge
RGGI Northeast US allowances
Carbon ComplianceMulti
RGGI cap-and-trade Northeast US
Source: encyclopedia
Resilience bonds parametric
Resilience FinanceMulti
Bonds with parametric resilience triggers
Source: encyclopedia
SBTN Science Based Targets Nature
FrameworksMulti
SBTN science-based nature targets
Source: encyclopedia
Soil carbon sequestration
Carbon VoluntaryMulti
Soil-carbon credits in regen ag
Source: encyclopedia
Soil-organic-carbon SOC credits
Soil CreditsMulti
SOC credits in regenerative agriculture
Source: encyclopedia
Species mitigation banks USA
Biodiversity CreditsMulti
Endangered Species Act mitigation banks
Source: encyclopedia
Species-specific credits
Biodiversity CreditsMulti
Species-specific credit approaches
Source: encyclopedia
TNFD Taskforce on Nature-related Finance
FrameworksMulti
TNFD nature-disclosure framework
Source: encyclopedia
UK Biodiversity Net Gain BNG
Biodiversity CreditsMulti
UK BNG compliance 10% net gain
Source: encyclopedia
US Western water rights
Water MarketsMulti
Western US water rights trading
Source: encyclopedia
US wetland mitigation banking
Biodiversity CreditsMulti
US wetland mitigation banks
Source: encyclopedia
VCMI Claims Code
Carbon VoluntaryMulti
VCMI Claims Code for buyer integrity
Source: encyclopedia
VCS Verra credits
Carbon VoluntaryMulti
Verra VCS - largest issuer credibility issues 2023
Source: encyclopedia
Verra Plastic Standard
Plastic CreditsMulti
Verra Plastic Waste Reduction Std
Source: encyclopedia
Vietnam forest PES
PESMulti
Vietnam forest PES program
Source: encyclopedia
Voluntary BC market still small
Biodiversity CreditsMulti
VCM BC <few million USD vs offsets billions
Source: WEF
Voluntary biodiversity credits
Biodiversity CreditsMulti
BCs - net-positive biodiversity gains financing
Source: Cambridge
Waste-water treatment
Water MarketsLong
Waste-water treatment plays
Source: encyclopedia
Water reuse / desalination
Water MarketsLong
Water-reuse + desal investment
Source: encyclopedia
Water-rights ETF PHO
Water MarketsLong
Invesco Water Resources ETF
Source: encyclopedia
Wellington Climate-impact fund
FundsMulti
Wellington climate-impact funds
Source: encyclopedia
Working forests timberland
Land UseLong
Sustainable timberland investment (Weyerhaeuser)
Source: encyclopedia
Working lands PES US
PESMulti
USDA NRCS conservation easement payments
Source: encyclopedia
An encyclopedia of publicly documented strategies for education. YCAI does not recommend, endorse, or trade any of these. Not investment advice.